Oriental Institute Journal, 2016, №30 (2)
Известия Восточного института №2 (30), 2016
Policy
UDC 323(510)
The article analyzes how Beijing’s strategic concepts in economic and international cooperation development are implemented in PRC regions. The author makes the conclusion that these strategic concepts have general nature with no exact plan to do, giving regions sufficient freedom to fulfill them. On practice it leads to integration of local projects to the Center’s strategic concept (we use the case of Silk Road Economic Belt development) that help local elites to obtain Central budget funding and to get career promotion.
Key words: China, Center-local relations, Silk Road Economic Belt, Heilongjiang province
Society
UDC 93/94.39
Dmitriy A. BUTYRIN Vladivostok Russian-Chinese pidgin at the turnof XIX–XX centuries
Vladivostok Russian-Chinese Pidgin was a contact language (specifically a pidgin) used by Russian and Chinese traders to communicate during the 18th-early 20th century. The pidgin owes its name to the town of Vladivostok, a Russian town on the border with the Qing Empire’s , which was the most important border trading point between the two regions. Most of the words in the Vladivostok pidgin come from Russian. As a rule, pidgins have limited grammar and vocabulary. The predominantly colloquial origin of words is very noticeable. While Russian is clearly the main source of vocabulary, some words are borrowed from Chinese which was spoken in the same region, such as «адали» (exactly), and «бичиху» (to write). Still, the influence of Chinese is minimal. Many researchers are studying the foreign policy of different countries, come to the conclusion that there is a Pidgin in the close contact between people and is the result of the colonial culture. The study was concluded. This linguistic phenomenon is the result not of foreign policy of the Russian Empire in the Far East. Vladivostok pidgin is an effect of economic and cultural contacts between the Chinese and Russian peoples.
Key words: Chinese language, pidgin, Vladivostok, vocabulary, cultural and language barriers
UDC 947.083(571.6):314.74(510)
«Cultural brokers» and cross-cultural interaction in the transboundary region of the Russian Far East in the second half of the 19th – beginning of the 20th centuries
Key words: cross-cultural interaction, Chinese immigration, Russian Far East, corruption, police, cultural brokers
UDC 338(510):930.1(09)
The article estimates the process of China’s transition from a traditional society to a modern one. Russian historiography emphasizes the exogenous type of modernization in China when it had been violently opened up by western powers. The author remarks on the new approach to the colonialism problem, taking into account its relevance to the formation of the world market. The civilizing role of the West in modernization of the East is eulogized in Anglo-American historiography. Modern Chinese historiography focuses on the reasons of the economic modernization delay, the foreign expansion being considered as a stimulus to its realization.
Key words: China, economic modernization, traditional society, industrial society, Russian historiography,Anglo-American historiography, Chinese historiography, synthesis, national
UDC 327:341.24(5:1-18)+502.35
Galina V. KONDRATENKO Features of urbanization and migration processes in contemporary China
The article discusses and analyzes the concept of «environmental diplomacy», as well as identifies the main features of the course of diplomacy in the sphere of ecology taken by the countries of Northeast Asia – Japan, China, Korea, and Russia. The coverage of Environmental Diplomacy characteristics is based on the description of the stages of environmental cooperation development, provided for each country under study, on the summary of the current state and on the analysis of the problems encountered in the process of developing environmental cooperation mechanism in Asia-Pacific. It is clear that the countries of Northeast Asia, despite the established links, the cultural community and the existence of common environmental problems, define and implement the environmental diplomacy in the region in different ways. For China, the environmental diplomacy is a strategic direction. Moreover, the country understands that if China claims the leading position in Northeast Asia and the Asia-Pacific region, an active environmental diplomacy is needed. Japan relies on the development and export of environmental technology. For this country, environmental diplomacy is an extension of the internal development, and the main task of environmental diplomacy should be the return of Japan’s leadership in the environmental and economic development of the region. As for the Republic of Korea and Russia, their position and tasks of environmental diplomacy in Northeast Asia are more modest: Korea tries to go beyond the internal development in the field of «green» economy and extend these ideas to the neighboring countries, while Russia, due to its low representation in Asia-Pacific, has to be content with bilateral environmental diplomacy.
Key words: Ecological diplomacy of countries in Northeast Asia environmental diplomacy, environmental cooperation, North-East Asia, China, Japan, Republic of Korea, Russia
UDC 378
The analysis of factors affecting international students’ choice of the country to get tertiary education abroad. How can FEFU attract international students?
Key words: education, economics, wages, scholarship, work force, international students
Linguistics
UDC 811.161.1’373.611
XU Xiaohe, GAO Mengqi Thematic spheres of number-univerbs’ usage in Russian newspapers
This article is about one of the most active and condensed processes of contemporary word formation – univerbation. It describes the dynamic development of thematic spheres of number-univerbs’ usage in Russian newspapers, analyzes the most frequently used types of number-univerbs as a sign of the compression trends in the language, and puts forward new thematic spheres of number-univerbs. The article is relevant for the analysis of active processesin Russian; moreover, up to now research on number-univerbs has been insufficient. The article concludes that the use of number-univerbs has intensified in modern Russian newspapers.
Key words: univerbation, number-univerb, thematic sphere, principle of economy, language compression
Discussion
UDC 316.344.42+94(47)
LU Dan, SUN Yumin, CHEN Yanjun The Russian elite: a historical messianism and current trends
The article examines, from the viewpoint of contemporary Chinese sociology, the origins and background of forming the Russian elite, as well as the preconditions for the development and consolidation of its messianic complex «The Savior of Russia» and its actualization in different historical periods. The authors predict the conditions under which this social group maintaining the established behavior model can survive and have prospects in today’s complex environment. The authors believe that the elite community in Russia, despite a huge number of political upheavals, starting from the local riots to momentous revolutions, always remains unchanged. The formation and nature of the Russian elite is to be found in the trans-eurasian geographical location and the millennial history of East and Westintertwining. Nowadays the need for modernization is driving the Russian elite to strengthen its messianic moods as «The Savior of Russia». In addition, the complex of superiority of the elite incarnated in its messianism, forms the basic value orientations and structural framework for the elite’s stability. Knowledge of the traditions and values of the Russian elite helps interpret and predict the modern tendencies of its development.
Key words: Russia, elite community, messianism, values, orientations, superiority complex, salvation, trends
Methods of Teaching
UDC 81
The article substantiates the methodological necessity of teaching Chinese as a second foreign language in combination with the culture of China. As a basic methodological principle the author proposes the following approach: to understanding through the study with complete elimination of any exotics. The article notes the importance of obtaining cross-cultural knowledge for the acquisition of translation competence and covers the existing experience of teaching Chinese as a second foreign language in conjunction with the Chinese culture. The main types of intercultural interaction are characterized with the emphasis on the role of intercultural dialogue in shaping a personality.
Key words: teaching Chinese as a second foreign language along with the Chinese culture, dialogue of Eastern and Western cultures, the role of crosscultural knowledge in obtaining translation skills, the formation of student's personality in the process of intercultural communication
OIJ Club
UDC 303.01.304.2, 792
Some issues of the problem of integral perception of the world in science and art are described in this paper on a case study connected with work in Japan on the basis of system of Stanislavsky of a Russian director Leonid Anisimov. It was concluded that, despite of declared development of interdisciplinary (polydisciplinary) researches, in the science the serious problem of formation of the foundations for carrying out of interdisciplinary synthesis is kept. At the same time, as it was shown also in Anisimov’s case, art could realize complete representation of these problems. The conclusion about necessity of the scientific analysis of means of achievement by art of such results therefore is offered. Another actual field of researches for preparing a real synthesis of separate disciplines is introduction of the anthropological approach and the study of real mechanisms of cognitive activity in a science and art.
Key words: Anthropology, integral unit, methodology, mutual understanding, interdisciplinary approach, art of theater, L. I. Anisimov
The millennial cultural heritage of China is located not only in Asia. Interesting collections and attractions associated with its history and culture can also be found in Europe. Among them are «Chinese» Palace near Dresden, halls of East-Asian art at the State Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg, and collections of Eastern arms in Moscow. They give rise to impressions and observations, which the author shares in this essay.